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Get Familiar: David Kane
Get Familiar: David Kane
Interview by Passion DzengaHip-hop has always been more than just music - it’s a movement, a cultural force, and a reflection of its environment. While the U.S. laid the foundation, the UK developed its own voice, shaped by sound system culture, punk rebellion and the raw energy of garage and grime. From Britcore to drill, the evolution of UK Rap has been a story of resilience, reinvention and relentless innovation.Today, we’re joined by David Kane, a writer and cultural historian whose latest work, What Do You Call It? From Grassroots to the Golden Era of UK Rap, charts the first four decades of UK Rap. Through extensive research and exclusive interviews with key figures - from pioneers like Jazzie B, Roots Manuva and Roll Deep to modern trailblazers like Little Simz and CASisDEAD explores how UK Rap carved out its own lane, reflecting British identity and reshaping the global music landscape. If you got love for the culture, this is a conversation you don’t want to miss. David Kane has also been instrumental in the process of bringing the Patta Magazine to life from Volume 1 until now as the editor-in-chief of our seasonal offering. On the eve of the release of Patta Magazine Volume 4, we want to share the thought process and teachings from the brand new book so on a cold Tuesday morning, we met up with him in the heart of Amsterdam to discuss his brand new book.We’ll be breaking down the scene’s defining moments, the role of radio and social media, and the shifts that turned UK Rap from a grassroots movement into a dominant cultural force. So get familiar with David Kane.How does UK Rap reflect British identity?UK Rap has been a powerful medium for exploring British identity, especially for people from diverse backgrounds. Through the book, many artists have discussed what it means to be British in a multicultural society, using music as a platform to engage with complex social issues.There’s often talk about using an authentic British voice in UK Rap. What are your thoughts on that?I think it’s something every country goes through when they first adopt rap music. Early Dutch rap sounded American, for example. After working through the US accent thing, there was a little bit of a North-South divide, but artists like Tricky showed that you could rap in a non-London accent with authenticity and skill.How did UK hip-hop artists approach grime, and how did timing affect their success?In the mid-noughties, I began writing for magazines such as Touch, Big Smoke, Trace, and nascent blogs like UKHH.com. These titles specialised in what was then known as urban music. I tended to write about hip-hop and grime, convinced there was a connection between the two. I interviewed a few UK hip-hop MCs at the time who were not receptive to this and saw grime as a passing fad, while fans were often less kind. Speaking to Juice Aleem about the relationship many years later—his group New Flesh has frequently been described as “proto-grime”—he made a wise point: “There was a disconnect, [it was like] ‘Hey, young man, come off the mic,’ ‘Hey, fuck off, old man.’ And that’s the nature of be-bop to fusion, blues to jazz.” Like many things, timing can be everything. Klashnekoff—who collaborated with Terra Firma and was very positive about grime despite being considered a UK hip-hop MC—could have been huge if he had been born ten years later. He’s a versatile MC with great imagination, but he was probably too raw for the time. Durrty Goodz is another example, albeit coming from a grime background with an openness to hip-hop. Outside the scene, these artists were met with a mostly uninterested music and media industry. It’s changed now. You have someone like Loyle Carner jumping on a track with Unknown T that slaps, someone from hip-hop (or jazz or alt. rap as it's sometimes known) with a drill MC. There are still different scenes in some respects, but the barriers have come down.How did grime evolve from being club music to street music?Garage and jungle were dance genres built for clubs. Towards the end of the halcyon period of garage you had this MC-strain coming through, the aforementioned Heartless and Pay As U Go, plus the humongous (in every sense) So Solid Crew. Grime started in that space, but when MCs moved away from club-oriented themes - aspirations, champagne, heartbreak - and started telling real street stories, that shift happened.What changed when rap became financially viable in the UK?A few records charted in the late 80s, like Street Tuff by Rebel MC (who would later become Congo Natty) and Derek B’s Bad Young Brother, but these were the exceptions rather than the rule, and they didn’t make too much money by all accounts. The UK looked to the U.S. for formulas. Artists realized that by rapping over 95 BPM boom-bap beats and adding a hook, they could replicate the success of American acts like A Tribe Called Quest. British rap was still figuring itself out. It took a few decades before it became financially viable. Although, DJ Target told me a good story about Wiley making six figures in white label releases “easily” in the mid-noughties, and So Solid Crew enjoyed financial success, but even that was relatively fleeting. Around the late 2000s, things began to change. The pendulum started to swing from indie rock to artists like Tinie Tempah, with tracks like Pass Out, blending pop-friendly sounds with grime and drum & bass. Even though it was a bit of messy period—I doubt Skepta or Wiley look back with much creative satisfaction at Rolex Sweep and Wearing my Rolex (although I do maintain Dizzee Rascal’s Bonkers is a bit of a tune)—it helped grime and UK rap reach a bigger audience and find new opportunities.Who were some of the early UK Rap pioneers that inspired you?The earliest UK Rappers that inspired me came from two paths: the first was the garage MCs I went raving to in my late teens, the likes of Bushkin and Mighty Moe from Heartless Crew, Ms. Dynamite, and Pay As U Go, the precursor to Roll Deep, their sound took elements of dancehall, jungle and what we can now describe as proto-grime. It was more about the vibe. On the other path was UK hip-hop, artists like Roots Manuva, Ty, Jehst, and Skinnyman, who were more lyrical. It’s not to say that one is better than the other; I feel fortunate enough to have grown up with both, and it’s a—not-always-easy—relationship that I explore in What Do You Call It?How important was radio for UK street music?In the first 20-30 years of UK Rap, radio was crucial - it could make or break careers. Stations like Capital, Kiss FM, and BBC Radio 1Xtra played a massive role. However, with YouTube and social media creating their own ecosystems, radio lost some influence. The democratization of media meant artists no longer needed gatekeepers to gain exposure.How did hood videos contribute to UK Rap culture?Hood videos were essential in showcasing artists’ environments. They were the pirate radio of video, giving a face to street music. Channel U and, later, video platforms like SBTV & Grime Daily provided a visual to the culture. Before this, people outside of major cities had little exposure to the music beyond pirate radio (which had a limited signal reach), a few live shows and raves that were often shut down by police, and the trickle of mixtape releases available at record shops. (Although, as I write about, Napster certainly helped from an audio perspective).How did social media change UK Rap?The rise of social media and streaming platforms like Spotify created a digital revolution. Artists could connect with fans directly instead of relying on radio stations and magazines for their narrative. This was both a blessing and a curse: It meant fans could get a deeper insight into an artist's lifestyle, but often without the critical context that good music journalism provides.What role did Stormzy play in the recognition of UK Rap?It’s big and has a lot to do with the headline show at Glastonbury in 2019. I’m going to include a short extract from my book to explain why:Whether you like Stormzy’s music or not, it doesn’t matter. Everyone from Adele to Wiley and Jeremy Corbyn lavished the performance with praise. This was UK rap’s Woodstock moment. The culture had entered a new world where it would remain: the realm of superstardom and commerce. But to Big Mike’s credit, his performance was as much about everyone else—the legends of UK rap he thanked and, more importantly, those who lost loved ones after the Grenfell disaster—as himself. Do you think UK Rap will keep evolving?Absolutely. Music always progresses, and the UK scene has moved far. We’re seeing MCs from all over the country breaking through, rapping in a style with storytelling unique to where they’re from; whether it’s Pa Salieu in Coventry or Nemzzz from Manchester, it keeps getting richer. And externally, the influence keeps growing; you have Afrobeats and UK drill shaping sound, language and culture globally. It’s a beautiful thing to see. David Kane has written about music and popular culture for nearly 15 years. Bylines include Esquire, Dazed, CRACK, The Financial Times, and Wax Poetics magazine. He is the editor and publisher of Patta's bi-annual magazine. What Do You Call It?: From Grass Roots to the Golden Era of UK Rap is out now on Velocity Press. You can find an excerpt from the book in our Patta Magazine Volume 4.